Considering that the etiopathogenesis of ccRCC is mainly related to hypoxia, the miRNAs modulating this process and targeting HIF-1α, or in presence of key genomic alterations of this type of tumor (VHL, c-MET, PTEN, p53, Succinate Dehydrogenase/Fumarate Hydratase), will be preferable. This evidence concerns the gene PTEN and nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma.