TFAM and Parkinson disease: The current included studies showed that treadmill training increased or normalized the levels of biogenesis regulators (SIRT3, SIRT1, AMPK, PGC-1α, NRF-1,2, and TFAM), as well as the import machinery (TOM-20, TOM-40, TIM-23, and mtHSP70) [16,20,22,23,24,26], suggesting that treadmill training could optimize neural mitochondria biogenesis to attenuate the neural energy deficits in Parkinson’s disease.