The promising concept of NLRP3/IL-1β targeting for atherosclerosis treatment was recently proven in CANTOS trial (Canakinumab Anti-Inflammatory Thrombosis Outcomes Study), which demonstrated the therapeutic potential of a monoclonal IL-1β-neutralizing antibody canakinumab in patients with prior myocardial infarction and residual inflammatory risk [45]. This evidence concerns the gene IL1B and atherosclerosis.