MMP9 and cancer: In addition to the direct effects of inflammatory molecules on cancer cell properties such as proliferation, survival, and inflammation, cancer-activated NF-κB can promote tumor-associated processes such as angiogenesis [88], epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) (e.g., matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP3) expression [89]), and metastasis (e.g., MMP9 regulation [90]).