In this vein, the levels of cytokines, quantified by multiplex immunoassays, were significantly higher in the tears of POAG and PACG patients compared to their concentrations in aqueous humor, while tear concentrations of IFN-γ, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and IL-5 were significantly lower in patients who developed complications from glaucoma after one year. The gene discussed is CSF2; the disease is open-angle glaucoma.