The proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), analyzed by singleplex immunoassay, was found to be increased (1.7-fold) in the aqueous humor of 32 POAG patients when compared with the same number of controls, suggesting TNF-α to be a reliable biomarker in the progression of glaucoma [45]. Here, TNF is linked to open-angle glaucoma.