HGF and astrocytoma (excluding glioblastoma): In patients with dead status in the TCGA LGG cohort, there were apparent correlations of a shorter survival time (whose survival time is less than the median value of the survival time in all LGG patients) with an older patient age, a higher WHO grade (grade III), the astrocytoma subtype of LGGs, wild-type IDH1/TP53/ATRX, mutations in EGFR, upregulation of BICD1, VIM, IGFBP3, PDCD1 (PD-1), HGF, FN1, VEGFA, CD274 (PD-L1), TGFB3, CXCR4 and TGFB1, downregulation of DDIT4, and chromosome 1p19q codeletions.