Barry et al. [83] evaluated the plasma protein levels of Th1 cytokines (IFN-c, IL-2, IL-12p70, and TNF-a), Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-10, IL-6, and IL-13), and the chemokine IL-8 and found that IL-8 was increased in BMS patients compared to the controls. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and burning mouth syndrome.