NQO1 and cancer: Additionally, sulforaphane may increase the levels of carcinogen detoxifying enzymes such as NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1 (NQO1) and hem oxygenase-I (HO-I), decrease carcinogen activating enzymes including cytochrome P450 (CYP1A1, CYP1A2), enhance HDAC6, inhibit cancer stem cells, increase caspase activity, and may increase autophagy by promoting microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3-I and LC3-II) [126].