Under diabetes, brain changes linked with neurodegeneration and cognitive decline, such as elevated tau expression/phosphorylation and Aβ accumulation [10,158], synapses loss, impaired learning and memory, synaptic plasticity deficits, [28,159,160], have been repeatedly observed in conjunction with oxidative stress [161,162], disruption of mitochondrial dynamics, and mitochondrial dysfunction [26,27,162]. This evidence concerns the gene MAPT and Mental deterioration.