Obesity impairs BAT mitochondrial function and thermogenic capacity and GSPE can revert these dysfunctions improving the expression of Sirt1, nuclear respiratory factor 1 (Nrf1), isocitrate dehydrogenase 3γ (IDH3γ), and COX5α, and, more interestingly, the levels of mitochondrial respiration with both pyruvate and carnitine-palmitoyl-CoA as substrates [287,331]. Here, NRF1 is linked to Obesity.