INS and Hyperglycemia: As demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo, PACs dose-dependently improve hyperglycemia and insulin sensitivity through the activation of the AMPK signaling pathway, which, in turn, lead to a significant hepatic downregulation of rate-limiting gluconeogenic enzymes, i.e., glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) [214,243,244,245].