Indeed, we previously documented that patients with end-stage HF, due to non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy or ischemic heart disease, with or without T2DM exhibited upregulation of LV SGLT1 mRNA and protein expression as compared with non-failing controls [2], in line with other reports [1,18,30]. Here, SLC5A1 is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus.