The induction of pancreatic cancer cell apoptosis by edelfosine involves the caspase-8-mediated cleavage of the integral membrane protein of the ER (BAP31) into the 20-kDa fragment p20-BAP31 [132], which directs proapoptotic signals between the ER and the mitochondria [140,223] through a release of Ca2+ from the ER, concomitant with an uptake of Ca2+ into the mitochondria, leading to cytochrome c release and cell death [129,140]. The gene discussed is BCAP31; the disease is familial pancreatic carcinoma.