Based on RNA silencing experiments and biochemical approaches, we have recently found that the release of neutrophil-derived arginase-1 leads to arginine depletion which, in turn, induces ER stress in pancreatic cancer cells through the activation of the PERK→eiF2α→ATF4→CHOP axis, and eventually leads to cell death [239]. This evidence concerns the gene ARG1 and pancreatic neoplasm.