It is interesting to note that edelfosine behaves as a potent antitumor drug, promoting apoptosis in multiple myeloma (MM) [170,181,202] and pancreatic cancer [132] cells—two tumors showing a highly developed ER and a very high level of protein synthesis—through an excessive production of monoclonal immunoglobulins (also referred to as paraproteins) in MM cells [124,203] and of insulin and digestive enzymes in pancreatic cells. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is Miyoshi myopathy.