Overall, the correlation between high IL-27 levels and worse survival in the epithelioid MM subgroup together with IL-27 ability to drive upregulation of membrane and sPD-L1 expression in vitro and the correlation between sPD-L1 and IL-27 in vivo support a pro-tumor, immune-suppressive role for IL-27 in advanced MM. Here, SPDL1 is linked to neoplasm.