SMAD2 and gastric cancer: Xiong and colleagues found that GTPase-Activating Protein SH3 Domain-Binding Protein 1 (G3BP1), which is higher expressed in GC correlating with poor prognosis and metastasis, controls the activation of the TGF-β/SMAD pathway in GC cells by directly regulating the expression of TGF-β1 and TGF-β2 ligands, thus altering the phosphorylation of SMAD2/3 [87].