CCN2 and neoplasm: Also, the pro-angiogenic function of TGF-β signaling relies on its ability to induce the expression of key angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 7 (IGFBP7) by tumor cells [63,64,65], but also to stimulate ECM production by fibroblasts and to drive tube formation by endothelial cells [66].