CSF2 and infection: Therefore, high serum GM-CSF:IL-10 in symptomatic cattle, low serum IL-12:IL-10, IL-12:IL-4, IFN-γ:IL-10 and IFN-γ:IL-4 ratios in asymptomatic cattle, and high serum MDA level alongside increased SOD and GPx activities in both symptomatic and asymptomatic cattle could be useful predictive tools for outcome of natural blood parasite infections in cattle.