The expression of BMPs by PCa was reported to induce osteoblast differentiation through both the canonical (Wnt/β-catenin) and noncanonical (Wnt/JNK) signaling pathways in C4-2B cells (PCa cell line), and Dkk-1 blocked the osteoblastic differentiation in vitro [36]. This evidence concerns the gene CLN5 and posterior cortical atrophy.