A recent study demonstrated that BCAAs drive increased phosphorylation of mTOR, 70 kDa ribosomal S6 kinase (p70S6k), and eIF4E-binding protein 1 (4E-BP1), parallel to the dephosphorylation of the eukaryotic initiation factor 2α (eIF2α), overall increasing protein synthesis while reducing protein degradation in MAC16 tumor-bearing mice [205]. The gene discussed is EIF4EBP1; the disease is neoplasm.