SOD1 and Alzheimer disease: In addition, although fucoidan itself has no antioxidant activity, a previous study reported that fucoidan isolated from Laminaria japonica may affect endogenous antioxidants or oxidative stress through an increase in SOD, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and decrease in MDA content in the hippocampal tissue of Aβ-induced AD rat model [1].