In the Prevention of AKI trial, timely intervention, guided by the urinary concentration of stress biomarkers, such as tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 2 (TIMP-2) and insulinlike growth factor binding protein 7 (IGFBP7) (level of TIMP-2 X IGFBP7 of at least 0.3 ng/mL2/1000) after cardiac surgery, led to a 17% reduction in AKI [32,33]. This evidence concerns the gene TIMP2 and acute kidney injury.