TNF and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: Another research using a mouse model showed that L-carnitine supplementation can inhibit the NAFLD development by decreasing TNF (receptor superfamily member 9 or CD137), CCL23 (C-C motif chemokine 23), MMP1 (matrix metalloproteinase 1), and FGF21 (fibroblast growth factor 21) in the plasma (89).