CTCF and cervical carcinoma: Thus, it is appealing to hypothesize that insertion of an ectopic CTCF-binding site into the host genome through HPV genome integration, as has been found with the human T-cell lymphotropic (HTLV-1)[58,59] and reported elsewhere for cervical cancers[60], may lead to modulation of the local host genome architecture and changes in host gene expression, which may be naturally selected for.