have previously reported that the Wnt/β-catenin signaling induces expression of a transcription repressor ATF3, and that ATF3 inhibits CCL4 expression in melanoma cells15, but the expression levels of transcription factors including ATF3 were not altered in human and mouse HCC cells with β-catenin signaling activation. This evidence concerns the gene ATF3 and hepatocellular carcinoma.