We next compared the expression levels of the four cytokine genes between HCC samples with and without mutations in exon 3 of CTNNB1 by using the TCGA data sets (Fig. 5), and identified significant downregulation of CCL20 (fold-change: 0.164; P-value: 1.58 × 10–9) and CXCL2 (fold-change: 0.467; P-value: 0.002). Here, CXCL2 is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.