For this, we leveraged the COMET cohort where peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and serum were longitudinally collected from 69 hospitalized patients presenting with COVID-19 symptoms (67 of 69 patients overlapped with those for whom anti–IFN-α2 autoantibodies were assessed; Fig. 1A), of whom 54 were positive (COVID-19+) and 15 were negative (COVID-19−) for SARS-CoV-2, in addition to 11 healthy controls (Fig. 1D). This evidence concerns the gene IFNA2 and COVID-19.