TNF and cancer: Notably, other cancer cell lines with inappreciable GSDMB levels, such as OE33 (esophageal carcinoma cells) and HCC1954 (breast cancer cells), could be transcriptionally induced to increase GSDMB expression through exposure to cytokines typically released by activated cytotoxic lymphocytes, like interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) [35].