After adjustment for maternal age, insulin therapy, family history of diabetes, and the three OGTT blood glucose values at 24–28 weeks of gestation, and lipid parameters at 6–12 weeks of postpartum, these associations remained significant (mid-trimester abnormal TG: adjusted OR = 1.786, 95 % CI = 1.142–2.425, P = 0.031; and abnormal LDL-c: adjusted OR = 1.621, 95 % CI = 1.323–2.051, P = 0.035). Here, INS is linked to diabetes mellitus.