In humans, the expression of GATA3 is localized to the cochlear duct and the spiral ganglion between weeks 8 and 12 of gestation (Roccio et al., 2018); the loss of GATA3 in inner hair cells leads to hearing loss and accounts for some of the deafness connected to hypoparathyroidism and renal anomaly (HDR) syndrome (Van Esch et al., 2000; Martins et al., 2018). This evidence concerns the gene GATA3 and deafness.