After ALI occurs, the lung tissue develops a strong inflammatory reaction and the inflammatory cells infiltrate into the alveolar space to result in the generation of proinflammatory inflammatory cytokines along with chemokines consisting of TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-alpha), IL-1β (interleukin-1β), and IL-6 (interleukin-6). Here, TNF is linked to acute respiratory distress syndrome.