We found marked reductions in the burden of K. pneumoniae in the lungs, reduced pulmonary and intestinal permeability, and improved immune response in the lungs of both innate (macrophages, neutrophils, and NK cells) and adaptive immune cells (CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells) in alcohol-fed mice treated with a cocktail of probiotics prior to infection. The gene discussed is CD4; the disease is infection.