ATF4 and plasma cell myeloma: Such regulation of SQSTM1 was proposed to occur by an “ATF4-like mechanism” by Riz et al., who demonstrated increased pro-survival autophagy in carfilzomib-resistant multiple myeloma cell lines as a direct result of EIF2AK3-mediated EIF2S1 phosphorylation, leading to upregulated SQSTM1 translation [45].