Furthermore, we explored differences in the expression of 29 disease-related genes between normal, CD, and UC tissues and found that the expression of NUP37, SNRPG, H2AFZ, MAGOHB, NUP107, ALYREF, CDK2, F3, SNRPD1, SNRPF, and UBE2N was significantly upregulated in the IBD tissues compared with normal tissues (Figure 4E; P < 0.05) although there was no significant difference in the other 18 genes (Figure 4E; P > 0.05). Here, ALYREF is linked to inflammatory bowel disease.