Evidence of TGF-β signaling in T cells has been found in melanoma specimens infiltrated by GARP-expressing T cells, indicating that inhibiting the activity of Treg-derived TGF-β1 using anti-GARP: TGF-β1 mAbs may effectively enhance CD8+ T cell-mediated antitumor immunity (7). This evidence concerns the gene LRRC32 and melanoma.