FMR1 and autism spectrum disorder: A full mutation of the FMR1 gene (>200 cytosine-guanine-guanine [CGG] trinucleotide repeats) causes methylation and subsequent silencing of the gene, inhibiting production of FMRP and causing fragile X syndrome (FXS), a rare condition (~1 in 4,000 males and ~1 in 8,000 females) that is the most common inherited cause of intellectual disability and monogenic cause of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) (5–7).