ALPI and hydrops fetalis: Additionally, treatment with L-Phe, which inhibits endogenous IAP activity and injures intestinal homeostasis (Ghosh and Fishman, 1966; Koyama et al., 2002), exacerbated HF-related neuroinflammation to some extent (Figure 3C) while increasing intestinal permeability and plasma LPS levels (Figure 3B).