Similarly, multiple other studies identified a trend of decreasing ELN/COL ratio and significantly fewer ELN crosslinks in AAA patients, as the ELN/COL ratio decreased in nonruptured AAA from 0.63 (n = 7) to 0.2 (n = 13; Sobolewski et al., 1995) and 0.84 (n = 24) to 0.13 (n = 26; Carmo et al., 2002). This evidence concerns the gene ELN and triple-A syndrome.