Also in age-, NIHSS- and dysphagia- matched subset, higher serum D-LA, iFABP and LBP levels were observed in patients with SAP (D-LA, 6710.1 ± 1271.7 ng/mL; iFABP, 8.021 ± 1.154 ng/mL; LBP, 173.3 [154.1-185.4] ng/mL) compared to those without SAP (D-LA, 5898.0 ± 903.7 ng/mL; iFABP, 6.787 ± 1.672 ng/mL; LBP, 160.2 [133.0-174.2] ng/mL) (Figure 5B), indicating that intestinal mucosal integrity was significantly reduced in patients who further developed a clinically overt pneumonia. This evidence concerns the gene LBP and susceptibility to pneumonia measurement.