TNF and hepatitis A virus infection: In the present cohort, intrahepatic inflammatory cytokines, especially IL-1β, IL-8, and TGF-β, presented a profile tending to higher values in cases with most severe hepatitis, together with positive correlations of TGF-β, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-8 with transaminase levels denoting the idea of the involvement of the immune response in liver damage.