INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus: It has been demonstrated that the insulin released during the early and late postprandial period by T2D patients is ~25 and 40%, respectively, of that produced by healthy individuals with a similar BMI.107 Fasting insulin levels in T2D patients are ~50% of that observed in healthy subjects with a similar BMI,107 demonstrating that T2D has a more significant effect on impairing the insulin response during the postprandial period in the early stages of the disease.