In a recent study, single-cell cytometry and transcriptome sequencing of TME in 13 HCC patients demonstrated that 17,432,600 immune cells, including tumor-associated CD4/CD8 double-positive T cells, and high IFN-γ/TNF-α levels were located at TME of HCC (Zheng et al., 2020). Here, TNF is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.