More recently, these authors showed that all ErbB receptors are activated by hyperglycemia (Akhtar et al., 2015; Akhtar et al., 2020b) and that pan-ErbB inhibitors can reverse these changes and correct vascular dysfunction in a rat model of type 1 diabetes (Akhtar et al., 2020b; Akhtar et al., 2019) implying a possible role for all EGFR/ErbB receptors in mediating diabetes-induced vascular dysfunction. This evidence concerns the gene EGFR and type 1 diabetes mellitus.