NEUROD1 and Alzheimer disease: As for in vivo astrocyte reprogramming, it has been reported that a retrovirus expressing NeuroD1 under the control of human GFAP promoter, was constructed, and overexpression of NeuroD1 was capable of reprogramming reactive astrocytes into functional neurons in the adult mouse cortex in a mouse model of AD (Guo et al., 2014).