The occurrence of PERK activation suppresses the level of global protein synthesis momently through targeting phosphorylation eIF2α at serine residue 51 when misfolded and unfolded protein accumulates under the ER stress after transient global brain ischemia (Harding et al., 1999; Owen et al., 2005; Marciniak et al., 2006). The gene discussed is EIF2A; the disease is brain ischemia.