Again, in contrast with previous studies describing post-stroke VEGF upregulation 28, photothrombosis did not induce an increase in VEGF levels in Proechimys. On the other hand, BDNF and its receptor tropomyosin-related kinase type B (TrkB) and TGF-β levels were elevated at 24-h and 30 days after stroke in Proechimys. On the contrary, in Wistar rats the levels of these factors were increased only at 24-h post-stroke returning to basal values after 30 days. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is Stroke.