ESR1 and breast carcinoma: Moreover, genome-wide and candidate gene association studies have discovered common genetic variants associated with specific subtypes of breast cancer based on the expression of the estrogen receptor (ER) [9–11], progesterone receptor (PR), and the amplification of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) [12, 13], which are known breast cancer prognostic factors [14, 15].