Studies have reported that the activation of the RhoA/ROCK1/PTEN pathway induces the proliferation of human leukemia cells in a mouse leukemia xenograft model 32 and that the Ras-MAPK and RhoA signaling pathways may result in proliferation, survival time extension and angiogenesis induction of AML cells 33. This evidence concerns the gene ROCK1 and leukemia.