Recently, to investigate and clarify the comprehensive characteristics of T cells in RA, we conducted a multi-dimensional, immunophenotyping analysis according to the developmental stage: CD4+ T cells were classified into four subsets, naïve (TN), stem cell memory (TSCM), central memory (TCM), and effector memory (TEM), whereas CD8+ T cells were classified into five stages, TN, TSCM, TCM, TEM, and CD45RA-positive effector memory (TEMRA). Here, CD4 is linked to rheumatoid arthritis.