TXN and diabetes mellitus: The inhibition of the TXNIP expression through the activation of the AMPK pathway induces protective effects against diabetes following treatment with bakuchiol or sulforaphane, which induces the Trx protein (Groschwitz & Hogan, 2009; Han et al., 2016; Huang et al., 2015; Liu et al., 2020; Lv et al., 2020; Tanito et al., 2005).