The tumor volume in the rAd-p53 + PTX treatment group was the lowest (265.91 ± 9.24 mm3) of all treatment groups [compared with vehicle control group (1257.27 ± 134.29 mm3), P<0.001; compared with rAd-p53-treated group (779.16 ± 123.51 mm3), P = 0.005; compared with PTX-treated group (1026.63 ± 122.29 mm3), P<0.001] (Fig. 5A). This evidence concerns the gene TP53 and neoplasm.