Chest tube was inserted for drainage of pleural effusion on the left side; analysis of the drained pleural effusion yielded the following results, which led to the diagnosis of empyema thoracis: protein, 1.8 g/dL; lactate dehydrogenase, 5994 IU/L; glucose, 10 mg/dL; adenosine deaminase, 28.9 U/mL; and white blood cell count, 35,800/mm3. This evidence concerns the gene ADA and Pleural effusion.