Programmed cell death-1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), alone or in combination with chemotherapy, have revolutionized the standard treatment for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), bringing unprecedented durable clinical benefit to late-stage patients. Here, PDCD1 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.