CTLA4 and cancer: Interestingly, a recent autopsy study in 11 cancer patients, who died from noncardiovascular causes, demonstrated that ICI therapy increased the T cell-to-macrophage ratio in coronary atherosclerotic lesions, reflecting a predominantly T cell–driven inflammatory response that is comparable to our findings in anti-CTLA4/anti-PD1–treated hyperlipidemic mice (38).